How to Remember Dukes Criteria for Infective Endocarditis : Mnemonic

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Mnemonic: Bacterial Endocarditis FIVE PM

Major Criteria

B : Blood culture +ve

1. Typical micro-organisms in 2 seperate cultures or
2. Persistently +ve blood cultures drawn 12 hours apart or
3. Single +ve blood culture for Coxiella burnetti

E : Endocardial involvement

1. +ve echocardiogram (vegetation, abscess or valve dehiscence) or
2. New valvular regurgitation

Minor criteria

1. Fever > 38 oC 
2. Immunologic phenomena (glomerulonephritis, Osler’s nodes, Roth’s spots, Rheumatoid factor)
3. Vascular phenomena (major arterial emboli, septic pulmonary infarcts, mycotic aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, conjuntival hemorrhage, Janeway lesions)
4. Echocardiography findings (suggestive but not definitive)
5. Predisposition (heart condition or IV drug user) 
6. Microbiologic evidence (Positive blood culture but not meeting major criteria)

Definitive Diagnosis requires 2 Major  or 3 Minor + 1 Major or  5 Minor [endtext]

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